Electrical Control Equipment

Fuses and Circuit Breakers

Prerequisites:

Learners should have a solid understanding of  AC/DC theory, electrical safety,  basic electrical schematics, and be comfortable using hand tools and electronic test instruments. Recommended prior exposure to motor control circuits or control panels will enhance understanding.

Description:

This lesson examines the operation and maintenance of fuses and circuit breakers as essential components of electrical control equipment in industrial power distribution and motor control systems. It covers procedures for selecting appropriate devices (including molded case, multiple, ground fault, and short-circuit protection circuit breakers), installing, removing, and maintaining these components, testing them, and interpreting characteristic trip curves. Emphasis is placed on maintaining safe electrical installations by following national electrical safety standards and codes, properly de-energizing electrical equipment to prevent hazards, and ensuring their effective roles in power distribution systems.

Objectives:
  • Define the functions of fuses and circuit breakers in protecting electrical control systems against overloads, short circuits, and ground faults.
  • Choose the right fuse or breaker type (molded case, multiple, ground fault) based on capacity, current rating, and application, according to electrical codes.
  • Properly de-energize control equipment before performing maintenance to ensure adherence to safety and code standards.
  • Install and replace fuses and circuit breakers correctly within control panels and power distribution networks.
  • Interpret characteristic trip curves to select protection devices that fit motor control requirements.
  • Explain the operation of small, molded case circuit breakers within power distribution networks.
  • Reset and maintain circuit breaker panels safely, ensuring reliable power supply and system uptime.
  • Learn how circuit breakers detect issues and how to maintain breaker panels.
  • Install a circuit breaker and identify one that is a multiple.
  • Use a characteristic trip curve to interpret test results.
  • Identify, install, and test ground fault circuit breakers, understanding their auxiliary contacts and their role in system safety.

Limit switches

Prerequisites:

Learners should already understand AC/DC theory, electrical schematics, and electrical safety. Prior experience using test instruments is required. Familiarity with control panels, motor control circuits, or auxiliary contact configurations will be helpful.

Description:

This lesson examines the operation, selection, and maintenance of limit switches as critical components in electrical control equipment, control panels, and electrical systems. It covers how limit switches work, where they are used, and how they interface with motor starters, relays, and control circuits. Topics include maintaining, troubleshooting, adjusting, and repairing limit switches while following electrical codes and standards. The lesson also addresses safety best practices, environmental considerations, and strategies for ensuring proper electrical installations and effective problem-solving in various work environments.

Objectives:
  • Explain the role of limit switches in motor control circuits and electrical control systems.
  • Identify different types of limit switches (lever, roller, plunger, whisker, geared) and their actuator styles.
  • Visually recognize various limit switches and know their uses.
  • Visually inspect limit switches for wear or damage and assess their suitability for control equipment.
  • Recognize photoelectric and proximity switch alternatives and how they integrate into control circuits.
  • Maintain and repair photoelectric and proximity switches safely.
  • Follow safety guidelines and code requirements when replacing or repairing switches, including de-energizing control panels.
  • Correctly install, adjust, and calibrate lever-actuated and geared limit switches in various work environments.
  • Understand the internal function of a lever-actuated limit switch and its role in control circuits.
  • Maintain, troubleshoot, repair, and adjust lever-actuated limit switches in various work environments.
  • Identify and fix common issues in these switches.
  • Explain the internal function of geared limit switches and torque switches in control circuits.

Switches, Coils, and Overloads

Prerequisites:

Learners should be familiar with AC/DC theory, electrical safety, and reading electrical prints. Must know basic electrical connections and how to use electrical test instruments. A basic understanding of the operation of control circuits (including switches, relays, and power supply systems) and overload protection is recommended.

Description:

This lesson explores switches, coils, and overload relays as core components of electrical control equipment and electrical control systems. It explains the types and operations of switches, including push-button, selector, rotary, and momentary versus maintained types as well as the function of coils and the operation of thermal and magnetic overload relays. The lesson covers their roles in power supply, power distribution, and preserving motor health, while providing procedures for testing and replacing coils, verifying de-energized circuits, interpreting connection and circuit diagrams, and diagnosing malfunctions using manufacturer’s literature. Emphasis is placed on developing technical skills, adhering to electrical codes, and ensuring safety to prevent failures in power distribution and control panels.

Objectives:
  • Explain what types of switches are used in industry and know how to tell if they are functioning properly.
  • Test coils and replace overload relays in control panels, following electrical codes.
  • Understand coil operations in relays and how coil failures impact motor control circuits.
  • Explain what poles and throws mean in switches.
  • Describe how momentary and maintained push-button switches operate.
  • Understand how selector switches function and where they are used.
  • Read and interpret rotary switch connection diagrams, auxiliary contacts, and pole/throw designations.
  • Perform continuity checks on push-button switches to ensure they work properly.
  • Learn how to check coils for overheating and breaks in the wire winding.
  • Explain how overload relays protect motors in electrical systems.
  • Describe how bimetallic thermal overload relays work in power distribution.
  • Understand how melting-alloy thermal overload relays function and store heat.
  • Identify magnetic and electronic overload relays.
  • Describe the common problems of thermal overload relays.
  • Install thermal overload relays in starters, following electrical codes.

Magnetic Starters

Prerequisites:

Learners should have foundational knowledge of AC/DC theory, electrical safety, and reading electrical prints. Must understand basic electrical connections, have experience properly using test instruments, and ideally have worked with switches, overload relays, or motor control circuits in control panels.

Description:

This lesson dives deep into magnetic starters within electrical control equipment and control systems. It covers their components (contactor, coil, overload protection), their operation, and how they integrate with motor control circuits in industrial and commercial power distribution systems. Learners will practice interpreting schematic diagrams and manufacturer literature, conducting safety-centered troubleshooting, and performing installations and maintenance. Emphasis is placed on problem-solving skills, following national electrical codes, correctly de-energizing equipment, and using auxiliary contacts and mechanical/electrical interlocks to ensure safe and reliable control equipment performance.

Objectives:
  • Understand the role and operation of magnetic motor starters in motor control and electrical control systems.
  • Describe electromagnets and their role in the functioning of contactors within control panels.
  • Differentiate between contactors and magnetic starters, including the functions of their coils, overload relays, and auxiliary contacts.
  • Identify components of magnetic starters and examine how they protect against electrical faults and overload conditions.
  • Test and replace magnetic starters safely, applying technical skills in control panels and power supply installations.
  • Perform sensory inspections to detect issues in magnetic motor starters.
  • Interpret schematic diagrams involving magnetic starters, contac­tor coil wiring, and mechanical/electrical interlocks.
  • Test armatures to ensure proper operation within electrical installations.
  • Disassemble and reassemble magnetic starter assemblies safely following code-compliant procedures.
  • Explain the purpose of interlocks and how mechanical and electrical interlocks function incontrol systems.
  • Explain reversing magnetic starters, including wiring for reversing starters and how to select the correct starter type for motor applications.

Troubleshooting Electrical Control Circuits

Prerequisites:

This lesson is designed for learners with a good working foundation in AC and DC theory, electrical safety, electrical schematics, and the proper use of electrical test instruments. An understanding of the operation of control circuits and components, such as switches, relays, fuses, circuit breakers, motor starters, contactors, and control transformers is also recommended.

Description:

This lesson presents a systematic approach to troubleshooting electrical control circuits, guiding participants in gathering and verifying symptom information, using schematic and wiring diagrams to identify issues, and applying test instruments to isolate problem areas. It emphasizes developing strong problem-solving skills to diagnose faults and resolve malfunctions, execute safe corrective actions, and maintain power integrity. Learners will practice de-energizing control equipment and ensuring electrical installations are safe and reliable, with a strong focus on adherence to electrical codes and compliance with U.S. NEC and UL standards across diverse work environments.

Objectives:
  • Develop a logical and systematic strategy for troubleshooting control circuits in motor control systems in various work environments.
  • Gather diagnostic information accurately, using schematic diagrams, wiring diagrams, and observing operational symptoms.
  • Use test instruments (voltmeter, ohmmeter, continuity tester, etc.) to verify circuit integrity and identify faults.
  • Verify problem symptoms by performing electrical and mechanical operational checks, applying technical skills.
  • Isolate and diagnose problems within electrical control systems (e.g., faulty relay coils, broken contacts, overload relay trips, auxiliary contact failures).
  • Replace or repair defective components safely, ensuring adherence to electrical codes and standards during installations.
  • Confirm successful repair / replacement by verifying restored operation and safe electrical connections.
  • Communicate findings and troubleshooting steps effectively to maintenance teams or supervisors, enhancing future reliability and minimizing downtime.
  • Ensure safe work practices: proper de-energizing, lock-out/tag-out, verifying absence of voltage before work begins.

Inverters: Operation and Maintenance

Prerequisites:

Learners should already understand AC/DC theory, AC motor theory, electrical safety, reading electrical prints, and the proper use of electrical test instruments. Prior exposure to control circuits, motor starters, and overload relays will aid in understanding inverter behavior.

Description:

This lesson covers the operation, maintenance, and fault diagnosis of inverters (variable-frequency drives, also called inverter drives) as vital components of electrical control equipment and control systems. Topics include inverter functions (PAM, PWM, open-loop, closed-loop, vector control), how inverters compensate for motor slip, calculating synchronous speed, identifying common malfunctions, and best practices for working with inverters, including safety, proper de-energizing, thermal considerations, and environmental impacts. Emphasis is placed on maintaining efficient power supply and power distribution, ensuring that electrical installations comply with U.S. electrical codes and standards for reliability and safety.

Objectives:
  • State the functions and parts of inverter (drive) units in electrical control systems.
  • Describe how PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) and PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) inverters differ and how they are used in varying applications.
  • Review the operation of a typical induction motor and explain how to calculate synchronous speed and motor slip.
  • Explain how inverters compensate for slip and how they help maintain motor control and efficiency.
  • Describe the three types of inverter drives (open‐loop / closed-loop / flux vector control) and how they deliver control over speed and torque.
  • Explain how variable-torque applications can conserve energy when using appropriate inverter settings and how soft starting is implemented.
  • Identify environmental and installation conditions (such as temperature, ventilation, cabling) that affect inverter performance, and describe safety precautions when working with drives.
  • Diagnose common inverter errors and faults (over-temperature, overload, harmonic distortion, control board errors) and interpret typical error messages.
Course Overview

This award-winning training program includes six lessons teaching essential skills for installing, maintaining, and repairing electrical control equipment and electrical control systems. Topics include circuit breakers, control panels, limit switches, overload relays, motor starters, inverters, and electrical motor control circuits. The course emphasizes power distribution, safety, de-energizing procedures, and compliance with U.S. electrical code standards.

Who This Course is For?

This program is ideal for training electricians and technicians in instrumentation and electronics, equipping them with essential skills for installing, maintaining, and troubleshooting electrical control systems. It also addresses the multi-craft training needs of process and manufacturing facilities, ensuring personnel are proficient in adhering to national electrical code standards and effectively managing electrical control equipment.

Platforms:  
Number of Courses: 6
How This Course Helps You
Together, these lessons help participants develop the skills and certifications necessary to:

Technical Competence:

Hands-on work with motor starters, overload relays, and inverters to design, install, and maintain electrical control equipment.

Improve Troubleshooting:

Diagnose faults, safely de-energize circuits, and ensure compliance with NEC/UL standards to reduce failures and downtime.

Power Distribution & Efficiency:

Understand power supply protection (circuit breakers, overloads), control panels, and efficient installations for energy savings.

Career Opportunities:

Gain skills in motor control circuits, relay logic, and industrial control systems valued across manufacturing, utilities, and industrial sectors throughout the United States

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Frequently Asked Questions

  • What background knowledge do I need before taking this course?

    Learners should be comfortable with AC/DC theory, basic electrical schematics, and electrical safety principles. Experience using electronic test instruments is required. Prior exposure to components like switches, relays, overload relays, motor starters, and circuit breakers will help you move through lessons more confidently. Understanding how control panels are wired and familiarity with power supply / power distribution also gives a big advantage.

  • Will this course teach how to build or only how to troubleshoot control circuits?

    This course covers both, you will learn how to install, maintain, and repair electrical motor control circuits and control equipment and how to troubleshoot them. Hands-on style lessons show how fuses, circuit breakers, overload relays, magnetic starters, limit switches, and inverters operate, how to interpret schematic / wiring / connection diagrams, and how to isolate and fix faults. Safety, de-energizing procedures, and following code standards such as U.S. NEC are integrated throughout.

  • What kinds of components are covered in the lessons?

    The course covers a wide range of components used in electrical control systems, including:

    • Fuses, circuit breakers, and molded case protection for power distribution
    • Limit switches, push-button and proximity/photoelectric actuators
    • Switches, coils, and different types of overload relays (thermal, magnetic, electronic)
    • Magnetic motor starters, including reversing operation
    • Inverter drives / variable frequency drives (VFDs), and associated drive control (PAM, PWM, flux vector, etc.)
    • Auxiliary contacts, mechanical and electrical interlocks, wiring in control panels

     

  • How does safety / code compliance factor into this course?

    Safety and compliance are core parts of every lesson. The course teaches how to properly de-energize electrical equipment, apply lock-out/tag-out practices, understand overload protection, prevent short circuits, and maintain safe electrical installations. Code compliance is emphasized, especially U.S. electrical codes (NEC, UL) where applicable. Understanding proper selection of components like overload relays, circuit breakers, and wiring ensures installations are both safe and compliant.

  • How much hands-on work or practical instruction is included?

    Each lesson includes practical or applied tasks: interpreting diagrams, using test instruments, installing/replacing components in control panels, disassembly/assembly of starters or switches, diagnostic testing, and observing fault scenarios. Learners will practice techniques like reading connection diagrams, calibrating overload relays, adjusting limit switches, testing inverters, and performing safety checks. If resources or labs are available, hands-on labs or virtual simulations can augment learning.